Springboot中使用RabbitMq

代码地址: https://gitee.com/Aes_yt/middleware-demo/tree/master/rabbitmq

安装RabbitMq

1. docker拉取镜像
docker pull rabbitmq:3.9.29-management
2. 创建rabbitmq容器
docker run -d --name rabbitmq -p 5672:5672 -p 15672:15672 rabbitmq:3.9.29-management
3. 访问地址

http://{ip地址}:15672/,可以看到RabbitMq的管理后台界面。账号密码默认 guest

消息生产和消费

rabbitmq-producer
  1. 新建module,引入依赖

    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
  2. yaml配置地址

    spring:
      rabbitmq:
        host: 192.168.67.131
        port: 5672
        username: guest
        password: guest
        virtual-host: /
    
  3. 配置交换机

    @Configuration
    public class RabbitMqConfig {
        /*定义交换机名称*/
        public static final String USER_INFO_EXCHANGE_NAME = "user_info_exchange";
    
        @Bean
        public Exchange userInfoExchange() {
            return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(USER_INFO_EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
        }
    }
    
  4. 发送消息

        @Test
        public void sendMessage() {
    
            String registerMsg = "user register..." + new Date();
            // 1. 发送一条注册消息
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConfig.USER_INFO_EXCHANGE_NAME,
                    "user.register.user1", registerMsg, msg -> {
                        msg.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT);
                        return msg;
                    });
            log.info("消息发送完成:{}", registerMsg);
    
    
            String loginMsg = "user login..." + new Date();
            // 2. 发送一条登录消息
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConfig.USER_INFO_EXCHANGE_NAME,
                    "user.login.user1", loginMsg, msg -> {
                        msg.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.PERSISTENT);
                        return msg;
                    });
            log.info("消息发送完成:{}", loginMsg);
    
        }
    
rabbitmq-consumer
  1. 新建module,引入依赖

    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
  2. yaml配置地址

    spring:
      rabbitmq:
        host: 192.168.67.131
        port: 5672
        username: guest
        password: guest
        virtual-host: /
    
  3. 配置队列绑定关系

    @Configuration
    public class RabbitMqConfig {
        @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.host}")
        private String host;
        @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.port}")
        private Integer port;
        @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.username}")
        private String username;
        @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.password}")
        private String password;
    
        /*定义交换机名称*/
        public static final String USER_INFO_EXCHANGE_NAME = "user_info_exchange";
        /*定义队列名称*/
        public static final String USER_REGISTER_QUEUE_NAME = "user_register_queue";
        public static final String USER_LOGIN_QUEUE_NAME = "user_login_queue";
    
        public static final String USER_REGISTER_ROUTING_KEY = "user.register.#";
        public static final String USER_LOGIN_ROUTING_KEY = "user.login.#";
    
        @Bean
        public Exchange userInfoExchange() {
            return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(USER_INFO_EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
        }
    
        @Bean
        public Queue userRegisterQueue() {
            return QueueBuilder.durable(USER_REGISTER_QUEUE_NAME).build();
        }
    
        @Bean
        public Queue userLoginQueue() {
            return QueueBuilder.durable(USER_LOGIN_QUEUE_NAME).build();
        }
    
        @Bean
        public Binding userRegisterBinding() {
            return BindingBuilder.bind(userRegisterQueue()).to(userInfoExchange()).with(USER_REGISTER_ROUTING_KEY).noargs();
        }
    
        @Bean
        public Binding userLoginBinding() {
            return BindingBuilder.bind(userLoginQueue()).to(userInfoExchange()).with(USER_LOGIN_ROUTING_KEY).noargs();
        }
    
    }
    
  4. 监听器

    @Component
    @Slf4j
    public class UserInfoListener {
    
        @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitMqConfig.USER_REGISTER_QUEUE_NAME)
        public void userRegister(String msg){
            log.info(msg);
        }
    
        @RabbitListener(queues = RabbitMqConfig.USER_LOGIN_QUEUE_NAME)
        public void userLogin(String msg){
            log.info(msg);
        }
    }
    
  5. 结果

    启动producer项目和consumer项目,producer发送消息,consumer接收到消息:

    producer:

    2023-07-08 10:26:10.660  INFO 7432 --- [main] com.yt.rabbit.RabbitProducerTest: 消息发送完成:user register...Sat Jul 08 10:26:10 CST 2023
    2023-07-08 10:26:10.663  INFO 7432 --- [main] com.yt.rabbit.RabbitProducerTest: 消息发送完成:user login...Sat Jul 08 10:26:10 CST 2023
    

    consumer:

    2023-07-08 10:26:10.661  INFO 25108 --- [ntContainer#1-1] c.yt.rabbitmq.listener.UserInfoListener  : user register...Sat Jul 08 10:26:10 CST 2023
    2023-07-08 10:26:10.665  INFO 25108 --- [ntContainer#0-1] c.yt.rabbitmq.listener.UserInfoListener  : user login...Sat Jul 08 10:26:10 CST 2023
    

交换器类型

交换器类型有四种,fanout,topic,direct,headers。
接下来在代码中创建三种交换器类型,对应的routingKey和queue绑定如表格所示。发送对应消息,看看是否能接收到 [Y/N]。headers类型不演示。

Exchange ExchangeType RoutingKey MessageKey Queue Receive
fanout_exchange fanout fanout.test.key1
fanout.#
xxx.yyy.zzz fanout_test_queue1
fanout_test_queue2
Y
Y
topic_exchange topic topic.test.#
topic.#
topic.*
topic.test.key1
topic_test_queue1
topic_test_queue2
topic_test_queue3
Y
Y
N
direct_exchange direct direct.test.key1
direct.test.#
direct.test.key3
direct.test.key1
direct.test.key2
direct.test.key3
direct_test_queue1
direct_test_queue2
direct_test_queue3 && direct_test_queue4
Y
N
Y && Y

direct 的Routingkey是全匹配,通配符不起作用,所以direct_test_queue2没有接收到消息。
topic 的通配符,*正好匹配一个词,#可以匹配一个或多个词,所以topic_test_queue3没有接收到消息。

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